Glossary - A
Here you will find list of often difficult or specialized words/terms with their definitions, used in health news articles at HealthNewstrack.com
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AbortionAbortion means the end of a pregnancy before the fetus can survive. It may be either spontaneous — when it is also known as miscarriage — or induced, when it is a deliberate termination of pregnancy.
Effects of a first miscarriage on future pregnancies12 diseases worsened by climate changeAbortion rate rising in young girls, UKU.S. abortion rate continues long-term declineAgingDefinitions of aging differ between biologists and behavioral scientists. Biologists regard aging as reflecting the sum of multiple and typical biological decrements occurring after sexual maturation; behavioral scientists view it as reflecting regular and expected changes occurring in genetically representative organisms advancing through the life cycle under normal environmental conditions. In humans, aging is associated with degenerative changes in the skin, bones, heart, blood vessels, lungs, nerves, and other organs and tissues. The branch of medicine that deals with the disorders of aging in humans is geriatrics.
Bulimia nervosa linked to brain circuit abnormalitiesDiabetes slows mental functioning in adults5 reasons to be tobacco free this New Year 2009 - FixNixerBlood sugar level linked to cognitive agingScientists isolate genes that made 1918 flu lethalAIDSAcquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an infectious disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It was first recognized in the United States in 1981. AIDS is the advanced form of infection with the HIV virus, which may not cause recognizable disease for a long period after the initial exposure (latency). No vaccine is currently available to prevent HIV infection.
Circumcision reduces HIV risk in US men109 medicines, vaccines in development for HIV AIDS£15 m for South Africa in new struggle against AIDSRoutine HIV testing fails in USA man defeated HIV virus through bone marrow transplantAlcoholismAlcoholism is the popular term for two disorders, alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence. The hallmarks of both these disorders involve repeated life problems that can be directly attributed to the use of alcohol.
Binge drinking culture in young peopleHazardous drinking is quite commonRole of Omega-3 unclear for bipolar disorderDisabilities due to alcohol consumptionPossible treatment target for alcohol dependence identifiedAllergyAllergies are abnormal reactions of the immune system that occur in response to otherwise harmless substances. Common indications of allergy may include sneezing, itching, and skin rashes.
MRSA screening effective in reducing surgical infection ratesAsthma patients may get benefit from antifungal drugFear of nuts creating hysteriaNew treatment may cure food allergiesHPV vaccine's hypersensitivity reactions are rareAlzheimer's DiseaseAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, a neurologic disease characterized by loss of mental ability severe enough to interfere with normal activities of daily living, lasting at least six months, and not present from birth. AD usually occurs in old age, and is marked by a decline in cognitive functions such as remembering, reasoning, and planning.
Leptin sensitizing agents may help to lose weightBlood sugar level linked to cognitive agingSleep disorder - an early sign of dementia, Parkinson's diseaseYeast to identify drugs for Alzheimer's diseaseMarijuana reduces memory impairmentAnorexia nervosaAnorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by unrealistic fear of weight gain, self-starvation, and conspicuous distortion of body image. The name comes from two Latin words that mean nervous inability to eat. In females who have begun to menstruate, anorexia nervosa is usually marked by amenorrhea, or skipping at least three menstrual periods in a row.
New psychotherapy to treat eating disorderWhy some young women are at greater risk of developing anorexia nervosaAnthraxAnthrax is a bacterial infection caused by Bacillus anthracis that primarily affects livestock but that can occasionally spread to humans, affecting either the skin, intestines, or lungs. In humans, the infection can often be treated, but it is almost always fatal in animals.
US to bulk purchase BioThrax anthrax vaccine from Emergent BioSolutionsAntidepressantAn antidepressant is a medication used primarily in the treatment of depression. Depression can occur if some of the chemicals called neurotransmitters in the brain are not functioning effectively.
14 drugs identified for off label useFiber, antispasmodics and peppermint oil to treat IBSDepressed pregnant women may have preterm deliverySt. John's Wort helps patients with major depressionHeart patients should be screened, treated for depressionAnxietyAnxiety is an emotional state of apprehension, uncertainty, and fear resulting from the anticipation of a realistic or fantasized threatening event or situation, often impairing physical and psychological functioning.
Fear of nuts creating hysteria38% adults and 12% children use complementary and alternative medicineSugar can be addictiveNew treatment may cure food allergies14 drugs identified for off label useAppendicitisAppendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, which is the worm-shaped pouch attached to the cecum, the beginning of the large intestine. The appendix has no known function in the body, but it can become diseased. Appendicitis is a medical emergency, and if it is left untreated the appendix may rupture and cause a potentially fatal infection.
Air pollution may increase risk of appendicitisAromatherapyAromatherapy is the therapeutic use of plant-derived, aromatic essential oils to promote physical and psychological well-being. It is sometimes used in combination with massage and other therapeutic techniques as part of a holistic treatment approach.
Aromatherapy makes you feel good onlyDepressed girls can't smell the rosesArthritisArthritis is an inflammation of a joint, usually accompanied by pain, swelling, and stiffness, and resulting from infection, trauma, degenerative changes, metabolic disturbances, or other causes. It occurs in various forms, such as bacterial arthritis, osteoarthritis, or rheumatoid arthritis.
38% adults and 12% children use complementary and alternative medicineTransplant of trachea made from stem cells successfulRheumatoid arthritis rising among women in USChinese exercise Tai chi relieves knee painUpdated labeling for psoriasis drug Raptiva approvedAsthmaAsthma is a chronic (long-lasting) inflammatory disease of the airways. In those susceptible to asthma, this inflammation causes the airways to narrow periodically. This, in turn, produces wheezing and breathlessness, sometimes to the point where the patient gasps for air.
Free resources to help lead a healthier lifeAsthma patients may get benefit from antifungal drug14 drugs identified for off label useAsthma risk more in children born in autumnFactors identified causing barriers to asthma careAtherosclerosisAtherosclerosis is the build up of a waxy plaque on the inside of blood vessels. In Greek, athere means gruel, and skleros means hard. Atherosclerosis is often called arteriosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis (from the Greek arteria, meaning artery) is a general term for hardening of the arteries. Arteriosclerosis can occur in several forms, including atherosclerosis.
NPY gene variation may lead to early heart diseaseGood sleep lowers heart disease riskVitamin C lowers heart disease biomarkerSingle PILL may prevent heart diseaseHannah Jones refused heart transplant surgeryAtkins dietThe Atkins Nutritional Approach, popularly known as the Atkins Diet or just Atkins, is the most marketed and well-known of the low-carbohydrate diets. It was created by Dr. Robert Atkins (1930-2003) and popularized in a series of books, starting with Dr. Atkins' Diet Revolution in 1972.
AutismAutism is a pervasive developmental disorder characterized by severe deficits in social interaction and communication, by an extremely limited range of activities and interests, and often by the presence of repetitive, stereotyped behaviors.
Rainfall linked to autismGene may predict an individual's pair-bonding behaviorChromosomal changes increase schizophrenia riskDo animals think like autistic savants?Babies excrete vaccine-mercury quickerAutoimmune disordersAutoimmune disorders are conditions in which a person's immune system attacks the body's own cells, causing tissue destruction. Autoimmunity is accepted as the cause of a wide range of disorders, and it is suspected to be responsible for many more. Autoimmune diseases are classified as either general, in which the autoimmune reaction takes place simultaneously in a number of tissues, or organ specific, in which the autoimmune reaction targets a single organ.
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