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Medical articles

Bariatric surgery better for obese with type 2 diabetes
A study comparing a bariatric surgical procedure with conventional medical treatment in morbidly obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus suggests that surgery was associated with remission or improvement in diabetes-related outcomes.

iPads increase doctors efficiency in healthcare
Providing personal mobile computers like iPads to medical residents increases their efficiency, reduces delays in patient care and enhances continuity of care.

Red wine drinking may reduce breast cancer risk in women
A glass of red wine with dinner may reduce breast cancer risk in women. Drinking red wine in moderation may reduce one of the risk factors for breast cancer, providing a natural weapon to combat a major cause of death among U.S. women, new research from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center shows.

Many US people do not know they have HIV
An estimated 1.2 million people are living with HIV in the United States. Of those, as many as 1 in 5 people (about 240,000) don't know they have HIV.

Premature birth increases epilepsy risk later in life
Being born prematurely may increase your risk of developing epilepsy as an adult, revealed by researchers in a new study published in the Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

CCSVI role in multiple sclerosis seems to be controversial
Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) appears to be more common in people with multiple sclerosis than in people without the condition, states a review of published studies in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal).However, there are not enough high-quality studies to allow definitive conclusions.

Expandable prosthesis resolves advanced aortic valve disease
Among individuals 65 years and older, as many as 30 percent have aortic valve sclerosis or stenosis and as a result of their deteriorating health, they cannot enjoy a normal lifestyle.

Low vitamin B12 may lead to brain shrinkage and cognitive problems
Older people with low blood levels of vitamin B12 markers may be more likely to have lower brain volumes and have problems with their thinking skills, according to researchers at Rush University Medical Center.

Cost of cancer care rising worldwide
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death and morbidity worldwide, and its economic burden grows year by year. In 2008, the worldwide cost of cancer due to premature death and disability, excluding direct medical costs, was estimated to be US$895 billion.

$3.5 million Komen award to study rare and aggressive type of breast cancer
The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen) is part of a team of medical investigators receiving a $3.5 million grant from Susan G. Komen for the Cure to study triple-negative breast cancer, a highly aggressive form of this cancer that disproportionately affects African-Americans.

Diabetes increases risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease
People with diabetes appear to be at a significantly increased risk of developing dementia, revealed by researchers in a recent study published in Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

Breast cancer and cervical cancer rising in developing countries
The number of cases and deaths from breast and cervical cancer are rising in most countries, especially in the developing world where more women are dying at younger ages, according to a new global analysis by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) at the University of Washington.

Drug resistance TB cases rising in Europe
Nobody in Europe is 100 percent protected from drug-resistant tuberculosis, said Ogtay Gozalov, a medical officer at the World Health Organization.

Stroke clinical trial finds intensive medical treatment better than brain stent
Patients at a high risk for a second stroke who received intensive medical treatment had fewer strokes and deaths than patients who received a brain stent in addition to the medical treatment, a large nationwide clinical trial has shown.

65 million more obese in US and 11 million more in UK by 2030
The rising prevalence of obesity around the globe places an increasing burden on the health of populations, on healthcare systems and on overall economies. A major challenge for researchers is to quantify the effect of these burdens to inform public policies.

New guideline on treatment of high blood pressure
High blood pressure patients should have the diagnosis confirmed at home, according to new guidelines. The way blood pressure is diagnosed and treated is set to be revolutionised following new guidelines for the medical profession issued by NICE and developed in conjunction with the British Hypertension Society (BHS).

HIV and AIDS cases increasing among young black gay men in US
While blacks represent 14 percent of the U.S. population, they accounted for 44 percent of new HIV infections in 2009. HIV infection rates among blacks were nearly eight times higher than rates in whites.

mChip can revolutionize medical care around the world
New low-cost diagnostics like the mChip can revolutionize medical care around the world, revealed by researcher in US. Microfluidics-the manipulation of small amounts of fluids-and nanoparticles can be successfully leveraged to produce a functional low-cost diagnostic device in extreme resource-limited settings.

Obesity counseling should focus on neurobehavioral processes
Current approaches to dietary counseling for obesity are heavily rooted in the notion of personal choice and will power – the ability to choose healthy foods and portion sizes consistent with weight loss while foregoing sweets and comfort foods. According to preventive medicine and behavioral experts at Rush University Medical Center, research supports a new counseling approach that views obesity as a result of neurobehavioral processes - ways in which the brain controls eating behavior in response to cues in the environment.

Immigrant and refugee health guidelines for physicians
The largest, most comprehensive evidence-based guidelines to immigrant health - designed to help Canadian physicians meet the unique needs of this group - are being published in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal).

Roll out treatment as prevention now to stop HIV and AIDS
The Lancet, a leading global medical journal, published an editorial comment today that emphasizes the critical role of expanding access to HIV treatment under a "Treatment as Prevention" strategy to stop the HIV pandemic.

Physicians accepting fewer patients with health insurance
There is a drop in physicians' acceptance of health insured patients in past years in US. As a result, insured patients could face new obstacles to receiving the medical attention they need, and overall access to health care could actually contract. As required under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, millions of people will soon be added to the ranks of the insured. However, this rapid expansion of coverage is colliding with a different, potentially problematic trend that could end up hampering access to health care.

Many advanced breast cancer patients do not receive recommended treatment
Forty-five percent of women with advanced breast cancer in the U.S. did not receive postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) despite the publication of evidence-based guidelines outlining PMRT as a potentially lifesaving treatment, according to new research from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. The study, published in the July issue of Cancer, found that PMRT use rates for women with advanced breast cancer have remained static since 1999.

2 types of botulinum toxin compared for cosmetic use
Botulinum toxin, a protein long considered harmful, is now known as a neuromodulator (a chemical that affects nerve impulses) that has cosmetic and medical uses. Not all varieties of botulinum toxin seem to be equally effective in reducing crow's feet wrinkles, according to a report published by Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.

Ovarian cancer screening does not improve survival
In a clinical trial that included nearly 80,000 women, those who received ovarian cancer screening did not have a reduced risk of death from ovarian cancer compared to women who received usual care, but did have an increase in invasive medical procedures and associated harms as a result of being screened.

Stress may not increase multiple sclerosis risk
Contrary to earlier reports, a new study finds that stress does not appear to increase a person's risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS). The research is published in the May_31, 2011, print issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

Workplace physical activity linked to obesity epidemic
The decrease in workplace physical activity over the past fifty years is a significant contributor to the obesity epidemic. Changes in caloric intake cannot solely account for observed trends in weight gain increases for men and women in the United States.

Obese men face higher risk of prostate cancer progression
Even when treated with hormone therapy to suppress tumor growth, obese men face an elevated risk of their prostate cancer worsening, researchers at Duke University Medical Center have found.

Bariatric surgery better than dieting for glucose control
Researchers have uncovered a new clue for why bariatric surgery is more effective than dietary remedies alone at controlling glucose levels. The study conducted at Duke University Medical Center and St. Luke's and Roosevelt Hospital Center, Columbia University.

Medical complicity in torture at Guantánamo Bay
Inspection of medical records, case files, and legal affidavits provides compelling evidence that medical personnel who treated detainees at Guantánamo Bay (GTMO) failed to inquire and/or document causes of physical injuries and psychological symptoms they observed in the detainees, according to a paper published this week in PLoS Medicine.

Changes in medical students' views about internal medicine careers
Compared with 1990, more medical students in 2007 viewed internal medicine as a potentially meaningful career; however, the majority of students are choosing other specialties.

Tai chi may improve quality of life in chronic heart failure patients
Tai chi, the ancient Chinese meditative exercise, may improve quality of life, mood and exercise self-efficacy in chronic heart failure patients, according to research led by a team at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.

Antidepressants may not improve all symptoms of depression
Even people who show a clear treatment response with antidepressant medications continue to experience symptoms like insomnia, sadness and decreased concentration, researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have found after analyzing data from the largest study on the treatment of depression.

Palomar laser device for skin in Germany
Palomar Medical Technologies, Inc. (Nasdaq:PMTI), a maker of aesthetic laser devices (laser device for skin), announced that it will establish a subsidiary in Germany to help the company gain international market share.

Stroke survivors with irregular heartbeat may have higher risk of dementia
Stroke survivors who have an irregular heartbeat called atrial fibrillation may be at higher risk of developing dementia than stroke survivors who do not have the heart condition, according to research published in the March 8, 2011, print issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

Gene therapy clearing toxic proteins in brain may prevent Alzheimer's disease
Gene therapy that boosts the ability of brain cells to gobble up toxic proteins prevents development of Alzheimer's disease in mice that are predestined to develop it, report researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center.

Relatively few young adults with autism receive assistance after high school
Use of medical, mental health and case management services for young adults with an autism spectrum disorder appears to decline after high school, revealed by researchers.

Pay more attention to epilepsy, affects millions of people
Epilepsy, a common and serious neurologic disorder that affects millions of people, is not getting the public attention and funding for research it deserves, according to an editorial on a study published in the January_4, 2011, print issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

Electronic medical records not always linked to better care in hospitals
Use of electronic health records by hospitals across the United States has had only a limited effect on improving the quality of medical care, according to a new RAND Corporation study.

Doctors on Facebook may be compromising doctor patient relationship
Doctors with a profile on the social networking site Facebook may be compromising the doctor-patient relationship, because they don't deploy sufficient privacy settings, indicates research published online in the Journal of Medical Ethics.

International clinical trial tests targeted drug for melanoma skin cancer
Rush University Medical Center has just enrolled the first U.S. patient in an international clinical trial testing a novel drug to treat certain kinds of melanoma, a deadly skin cancer that in its advanced stages currently has few effective treatments.

Employer health insurance premiums increased 41%
Premiums for employer-sponsored family health insurance increased an average of 41 percent across states from 2003 to 2009, more than three times faster than median incomes, according to a new Commonwealth Fund report. Yet, insurance is buying less.

19th AHML Congress International Homoeopathic Conference India
Asian Homoeopathic Medical League is organising 19th International Homeopathic Congress 2010 (AHML Congress 2010) in New Delhi, India. "The conference will be inaugarated by the Health Minister Dr Kiran Walia today" told Dr Anil Singhal.

Implementing best practices to manage childhood asthma
The Merck Childhood Asthma Network, Inc. (MCAN), announced it is targeting four high risk cities with nearly $4 million for programs that will combine evidence-based science, case management and asthma trigger removal plans to manage a disease that requires more than the right medical care.

Many physicians still have relationships with industry
Relationships with drug manufacturers, device companies and other medical companies appear to be have decreased since 2004 but remain common among physicians, revealed by US researchers.

STD inoculation study in Guatemala was unethical - US
In 1946, a sexually transmitted disease inoculation study was conducted in Guatemala. American scientists infected hundreds of prisoners and patients in a mental hospital in Guatemala with syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases.

Genetic patterns may predict osteoarthritis
Scientists from University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine and Interleukin Genetics, Inc. announced findings from a large clinical study to evaluate the role played by genetic factors in the worsening of osteoarthritis.

Vitamin C rapidly improves emotional state of acutely hospitalized patients
Treatment with vitamin C rapidly improves the emotional state of acutely hospitalized patients, according to a study carried out by researchers at Montreal's Jewish General Hospital (JGH) and the affiliated Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research (LDI).

Cannabis may offer relief to patients with chronic pain
The medicinal use of cannabis has been debated by clinicians, researchers, legislators and the public at large for many years as an alternative to standard pharmaceutical treatments for pain, which may not always be effective and may have unwanted side effects.

19th Asian Homoeopathic Medical League Congress in India
Asian Homoeopathic Medical League is organising 19th International Homeopathic Congress 2010 (AHML Congress 2010) in New Delhi, India.

Cigarette smoke causes harmful changes in lungs even at lowest levels
Casual smokers may think that smoking a few cigarettes a week is "no big deal." But according to new research from physician-scientists at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, having an infrequent smoke, or being exposed to secondhand smoke, may be doing more harm than people may think.

Headaches in teens tied to overweight, smoking and lack of exercise
Teens who are overweight, get little exercise or who smoke may be more likely to have frequent headaches and migraines than teens with none of these factors, according to a study published in the August 18, 2010, online issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

Advance toward earlier detection of melanoma
Scientists are reporting development of a substance to enhance the visibility of skin cancer cells during scans with an advanced medical imaging system that combines ultrasound and light.

NewYork-Presbyterian No. 6 hospital in US, No. 1 in NewYork
NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, one of the country's largest and most comprehensive academic medical centers, is ranked #6 in the nation and #1 among ranked hospitals in the New York area, according to U.S. News Media Group's 2010-11 Best Hospitals.

Statins lower prostate cancer recurrence after prostatectomy
Men who use statins to lower their cholesterol are 30 percent less likely to see their prostate cancer come back after surgery compared to men who do not use the drugs, according to researchers at Duke University Medical Center. Researchers also found that higher doses of the drugs were associated with lower risk of recurrence.

Tests can predict falls in Parkinson's disease
A group of tests may help predict which people with Parkinson's disease are more likely to fall, according to a study published in the June 23, 2010, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

Cancer risks in blood pressure medicines
University Hospitals Case Medical Center cardiologists have uncovered new research showing an increased risk of cancer with a group of blood pressure medications known as angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs).

New docs linked to death spike in July
Are new medical residents a threat to patient health? According to sociology professor David Phillips and his student Gwendolyn Barker from the University of California, San Diego, fatal medication errors peak in July in counties with teaching hospitals, which coincides with the yearly influx of new medical residents who are given increased responsibility for patient care.

Antidepressants in pregnancy increase miscarriage risk
There is a 68% increase in the overall risk of miscarriage in pregnant women using antidepressants, found a new study in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal).

Acupuncture's molecular effects pinned down
Scientists have taken another important step toward understanding just how sticking needles into the body can ease pain. In a paper published online May_30 in Nature Neuroscience, a team at the University of Rochester Medical Center identifies the molecule adenosine as a central player in parlaying some of the effects of acupuncture in the body.

Novel anti malarial drug candidate found
As part of a multicenter study, UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers have identified a series of chemical compounds that might serve as starting points for the identification of new classes of anti-malarial drugs.

Smoking may increase multiple sclerosis risk
Smoking may increase the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) in people who also have specific established risk factors for MS. The research is found in the April_7, 2010, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

Chemical in banana a potent inhibitor of HIV infection
A potent new inhibitor of HIV, derived from bananas, may open the door to new treatments to prevent sexual transmission of HIV, according to a University of Michigan Medical School study published this week.

Flexible shoes better for arthritic knees in osteoarthritis
Flip-flops and sneakers with flexible soles are easier on the knees than clogs or even special walking shoes, a study by Rush University Medical Center has found. And that's important, because loading on the knee joints is a key factor in the development of osteoarthritis.

Progesterone for traumatic brain injury tested
Researchers at 17 medical centers across the US soon will begin using the hormone progesterone to treat patients who experience traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Migraine may double risk of heart attack
People with migraine may be at an increased risk of heart attack and other risk factors for heart disease, according to a study published in the February 10, 2010, online issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

India proposes new Rural Medical Course BRMS
The Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare, Shri Ghulam Nabi Azad has said that not recognizing the need for trained medical human resources in rural areas and unwillingness to consider new ideas for addressing it will not help the situation.

Symptoms have little value to diagnose ovarian cancer earlier
Use of symptoms to trigger a medical evaluation for ovarian cancer does not appear to detect early-stage ovarian cancer earlier and would likely result in diagnosis in only 1 out of 100 women in the general population with such symptoms, revealed in an article.

Catheter treatment works better than drugs for heart rhythm disorder
Treating a common heart rhythm disorder by burning heart tissue with a catheter works dramatically better than drug treatments, according to a landmark study published in the Jan. 27 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA).

Bisphenol A linked to heart disease in adults
Researchers from the Peninsula Medical School and the University of Exeter, UK, have found more evidence for a link between Bisphenol A exposure (BPA, a chemical commonly used in plastic food containers) and cardiovascular disease.

Gene linked to aggressive form of prostate cancer
Researchers at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center and colleagues have identified the first genetic variant associated with aggressive prostate cancer, proving the concept that genetic information may one day be used in combination with other factors to guide treatment decisions.

Testing gene therapy for Alzheimer's disease
University Hospitals Case Medical Center is one of 12 sites conducting the first Phase 2 clinical trial of a gene therapy for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The study uses a viral-based gene transfer system called CERE-110, which is designed to deliver nerve growth factor (NGF) into the brain.

Study provides insight into pathway linked to obesity
A new study involving the University of Iowa, Mayo Clinic and two other institutions provides insight on weight control, suggesting that a ATP-sensitive potassium channel critical to survival and stress adaptation can contribute to fat deposition and obesity.

Human protein may prevent H1N1 influenza infection
Howard Hughes Medical Institute researchers have identified a naturally occurring human protein that helps prevent infection by H1N1 influenza and other viruses, including West Nile and dengue virus.

MRSA infection increases hospital cost $60000 per patient
Post surgical infections significantly increase the chance of hospital readmission and death and cost as much as $60,000 per patient, according to Duke University Medical Center researchers who conducted the largest study of its kind to date.

PRO 2000 anti HIV gel is ineffective
Pro 2000, a vaginal microbicide gel designed to reduce women's risk of HIV infection, showed no evidence that it reduces the risk of HIV infection, revealed by researchers at Britain's Medical Research Council (MRC).

A new drug may improve Hepatitis C
In a dramatic finding, a new drug for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections that targets liver cells produced a substantial drop in blood levels of the virus in animals and continued to work up to several months after treatment, say scientists at the Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research (SFBR) in San Antonio.

High salt intake linked to stroke and heart disease
Eating high amounts of salt is linked to a significantly higher risk of strokes and cardiovascular disease, states a paper published today in the British Medical Journal.

New payment models for health care - RAND
A new RAND Corporation study outlines methods that might be used to test a novel payment system for medical care that would provide doctors, hospitals and other health providers a set fee for treating an ailment such as hip replacement surgery.

Yoga benefits back pain patients
People with chronic low back problems who do yoga also do better at overcoming pain and depression than people treated conventionally for back pain, a West Virginia University study funded by the National Institutes of Health shows.

Retail medical clinics can provide quality care at lower cost
Retail medical clinics located in pharmacies and other stores can provide care for routine illnesses at a lower cost and similar quality as offered in physician offices, urgent care centers or emergency departments, according to a new RAND Corporation study.

Hopelessness increases stroke risk in women
Healthy middle-aged women with feelings of hopelessness appear to experience thickening of the neck arteries, which can be a precursor to stroke, revealed by researchers at the University of Minnesota Medical School.

Making imaging procedures safer for patients
The Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) reaffirmed its commitment to patient safety in responding to a study and accompanying perspective on radiation dose from medical imaging procedures in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM).

Swine flu cases decreasing in UK
The weekly number of new swine flu or Influenza A H1N1 cases in the UK continues to fall, the Chief Medical Officer said in his latest pandemic flu update. Sir Liam Donaldson said that in the week to August 27 there were an estimated 5,000 new infections, down from 11,000 the week before.

Radiation from medical imaging increasing
Researchers are evaluating the risks and benefits of medical imaging in patients. They revealed that the average effective dose of radiation nearly double the amount they would otherwise be exposed to from natural sources.

High blood pressure causes memory problems in middle age
High blood pressure is linked to memory problems in people over 45, according to research published in the August 25, 2009, print issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

US to improve monitoring for H1N1
A Presidential advisory group of the US' leading scientists and engineers released a new report assessing the Obama Administration's preparations for this fall's expected resurgence of 2009-H1N1 flu and outlining key steps officials can take in the coming weeks and months to minimize the disease's impact on the nation.

New biomarker predicts response to hepatitis C treatment
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have identified the first genetic marker that predicts response to hepatitis C treatments, and a single letter of DNA code appears to make a huge difference.

Binge drinking among older Americans - a study
One of the largest surveys of substance use has found a remarkable amount of binge drinking among older Americans, revealed by researchers at Duke University Medical Center in The American Journal of Psychiatry.

Mediterranean diet and exercise lower Alzheimer's disease risk
Both being more physically active and adhering to a Mediterranean-type diet appears to be associated with reduced Alzheimer's risk, according to a new report in the August 12, 2009 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA).

Controlled development of stem cells may lead to new stem cell therapies
Investigators at the Burnham Institute for Medical Research (Burnham) and The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) have made the first comparative, large-scale phosphoproteomic analysis of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and their differentiated derivatives.

Allergy drug may reduce obesity and diabetes
Researchers have linked type 2 diabetes and obesity with immunology. These new research studies published in Nature Medicine, by Harvard Medical School researchers.

US to launch clinical trials to test 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccine
Scientists in a network of medical research institutions across the United States are set to begin a series of clinical trials to gather critical data about influenza vaccines, including two candidate H1N1 flu vaccines.

Sinai Hospital of Baltimore ranked as one of top US hospitals
Sinai Hospital of Baltimore is ranked as one of the top hospitals in the country for neurology and neurosurgery, according to the U.S. News & World Report's 2009-10 America's Best Hospitals edition.

Osteoporosis drug may improve immune system
An osteoporosis drug zoledronic acid (Reclast) proven to save lives after hip fractures may do so by strengthening the body's immune system, revealed by geriatrics researchers at Duke University Medical Center.

Altered genes play role in development of brain tumors
The interaction between a network of altered genes appears to play an important role in the development and progression of brain tumors, revealed by researchers in the Journal of the American Medical Association -- JAMA.

Melanoma genes identified by Australian researchers
Two new genes that together double a person's risk of developing melanoma are identified by researchers from the Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR), Australia.

Alzheimer's disease drug treats traumatic brain injury
The destructive cellular pathways activated in Alzheimer's disease are also triggered following traumatic brain injury, say researchers from Georgetown University Medical Center (GUMC).

Pre cessation nicotine patch doubles quit success rate
Using a nicotine patch before quitting smoking can double success rates, revealed by researchers at the Duke University Medical Center. This should be highlighted on nicotine patch labeling.

Statins may cause muscle damage in some patients
Structural muscle damage may be present in patients who have statin-associated muscle complaints, found a new study in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal).

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